Zeús

 
South Korea ' s former president Park Geun - hyehas been charged with bribery and abuse of power ,a month after she was ousted from office over acorruption scandal that has rocked the country formonths .
韓國前總統朴槿惠( Park Geun - hye )被控受賄和濫用職權。一個月前，朴槿惠因一宗衝擊韓國數月的腐敗醜聞而遭到彈劾。
Ms Park is facing 14 charges that accuse her ofallowing now - jailed confidante Choi Soon - sil togain unauthorised access to classified documents ,while allegedly colluding to extort $70 m from businesses for two foundations in effect underChoi ' s control .
朴槿惠面臨14項指控，包括允許現已入獄的密友崔順實( Choi Soon - sil )在未經授權的情況下接觸機密文件，以及涉嫌合謀為兩家由崔順實實際控制的基金會從企業敲詐7000萬美元。
“ We ' ve made our utmost efforts to get to the bottom of the case ,” the prosecutors saidyesterday , announcing their indictment of Ms Park .
「我們已經盡了最大的努力徹查該案，」韓國檢方昨日在宣布對朴槿惠提出控罪時表示。

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The UK's recent productivity performance has been calamitous. True, the productivity slowdown has been a widespread phenomenon among high-income countries. But Britain's slowdown is remarkably bad even by these standards. The question is why. Recent research sheds light on this vital economic question . Why is it vital? The answer is that if recent performance continued, the economy would no longer generate rising real incomes per head. That would change everything for the worse.
英國近年的生產率表現是災難性的。沒錯，生產率增長放緩在高收入國家是普遍現象。但即便按這些標準衡量，英國的放緩也糟糕得出奇。問題是為什麼。近期的研究為這一至關重要的經濟問題提供了一些啟示。它為何至關重要？答案是，如果近年的生產率表現持續下去，英國經濟將不再能夠實現人均實際收入增長。這將讓一切變得更加糟糕。
Since the financial crisis of 2007-08, the UK's growth of labour productivity has been about the same as Italy's, in the performance basement of the high-income countries. Yet the UK suffered much the largest deterioration in productivity growth of any of the large high-income countries since the crisis. Its productivity levels are also among the lowest of the high-income countries, which indicates room for fast catch-up growth. This makes recent performance even more disturbing.
自2007-08年金融危機以來，英國的勞動生產率增長大約與意大利相當，在高收入國家當中墊底。然而，自金融危機以來，英國遭受了大型高收入國家中最大的生產率增長降幅。它的生產率絕對值水平在高收入國家中也徘徊在最底層，這表明存在快速追趕的空間。這讓近年的表現更加令人擔憂。
Even I had not realised how bad performance has been until I read a recent speech on productivity by the Bank of England's Andy Haldane. “For the past decade, average productivity growth has been negative,” he said, adding “you would have to go right back to the 18th century to see a similarly lengthy period of stagnant productivity.”
我在閱讀了英國央行(Bank of England)的安迪?霍爾丹(Andy Haldane)最近關於生產率的演講稿之後，才意識到英國的表現有多麼糟糕。霍爾丹表示：“在過去10年裡，平均生產率增長為負數，”他補充稱，“你只有回到18世紀，才能看到類似的生產率持續停滯”。
One reason why things might not be quite as bleak as this is laid out in a recent paper by Harvard's Marty Feldstein. He argues that we tend to exaggerate inflation and so underestimate economic growth, because of growing difficulties in measuring quality improvements in the modern economy . In all probability, real incomes are rising more than statistics indicate. While plausible, this does not explain the virtually universal productivity slowdown. It certainly does not explain the UK's exceptionally large slowdown.
哈佛大學(Harvard)的馬蒂?費爾德斯坦(Marty Feldstein)在最近一篇論文中給出了局面沒有如此慘淡的理由。他辯稱，我們往往誇大通脹，從而低估經濟增長，因為衡量現代經濟的質量改善越來越難了。實際情況很可能是，實際收入增幅超出統計數據所表明的程度。儘管這種說法貌似有理，但它解釋不了幾乎所有國家生產率增長放緩的原因。它肯定解釋不了英國生產率為何異常大幅放緩。

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With one bound? Theresa May is making a dash for freedom. The prime minister's calculation is that a decisive general election victory on June 8 would bestow a personal mandate, the right to set her own agenda, and, this above all, the authority over her own party she needs to negotiate Brexit. A glance at the opinion polls tells you the stars will never be more favourably aligned.
大步跳躍？特里薩.梅(Theresa May)正向著自由衝去。這位英國首相盤算著，在6月8日大選中取得決定性勝利，將賦予她個人民意授權、制定自己議程的權利，最重要的是開展退歐談判所需的黨內權威。掃一眼民意調查就知道，沒有比現在更有利的時刻了。
      
Received wisdom had it that Mrs May was perfectly comfortable governing in the shadow of her predecessor David Cameron. Had she not said many times that the present parliament would run its full course until 2020? Received wisdom has taken quite a battering lately. If there was a justified element of surprise in her announcement it was because this cautious, deliberative politician has a deserved reputation for risk aversion.     
人們曾普遍認為，梅在前任戴維.卡梅倫(David Cameron)留給她的座位上相當自在。她不是還多次表示，本屆議會將一直運行到2020年期滿為止嗎？普遍共識在最近遭到了重創。如果說她的提前大選宣布有合理的意外之處，那就是這位謹慎、思考縝密的政治人物有著值得稱道的厭惡風險的名聲。
        
Doing nothing was the bigger risk. Mrs May was a Remainer, albeit a reluctant one, during last year's referendum campaign. She will never be trusted by the anti-European ultras on the Conservative right for whom a hard Brexit is the soft option. With a small parliamentary majority, it was already evident they could take her prisoner during negotiations with the other 27 member states of the EU. She needed to shift the dynamic. The alternative was to hold on to office without power.   
問題是什麼都不做的風險更大。在去年的公投前拉票活動中，梅站在留歐陣營（儘管她是這個陣營的不情願成員）。她永遠不會得到保守黨右翼反歐洲極端分子的信任；對這些人來說，硬退歐是柔軟的選擇。鑑於保守黨在議會只有微弱多數席位，已經可以明顯看出，他們會在英國與歐盟其他27個成員國談判時，對她開出各種各樣的條件。她需要改變這種格局。另一個選擇是繼續坐在首相職位，但沒有實權。
        
The election gives her permission to escape the straitjacket of Mr Cameron's 2015 manifesto and, always assuming she wins, choose her own cabinet. Mrs May has made no secret of what she thinks of her predecessor. The kerfuffle and subsequent U-turn over proposed tax changes in the March budget were an unwelcome reminder of his legacy. As for the cabinet, word in Whitehall has it that Boris Johnson, the foreign secretary, is among those whose future claim to a cabinet seat depends on just how energetically he campaigns for Mrs May.
假設她贏了，大選將讓她逃脫卡梅倫2015年宣言的束縛，她還能選擇自己的內閣。梅並不掩飾自己對其前任的看法。3月份預算中提議的稅改所造成的混亂，以及隨後的大轉變，是卡梅倫政治遺產的一個不受歡迎的提示。至於內閣，白廳內部有傳言說，外交大臣鮑里斯?約翰遜(Boris Johnson)等人未來的內閣席位，將取決於他們多麼賣力地為梅助選。

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Donald Trump's state visit to Britain will be delayed in an alleged attempt to avoid embarrassing protests over his Muslim ban. The visit will reportedly now take place in October after the US President supposedly expressed his fears to Prime Minister Theresa May during a phone call two weeks ago.
 

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是時候為“全球化”正名了(下)
 

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Executives at Chinese Internet giants, including Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent, are focusing on the development of artificial intelligence and believe the next decades will be a golden age for the industry.
包括百度、阿里巴巴以及騰訊在內的國內互聯網巨頭的高管們近日齊聚一堂，共同聚焦於人工智能的發展，並認為未來幾十年將會是該產業發展的黃金時代。
"We used to see artificial intelligence only as a way to improve our computing and processing abilities. But, actually, AI can use data for self study and make our rules," said Ma Huateng, chairman and CEO of Tencent, at the China IT Summit in Shenzhen.
騰訊的董事長兼首席執行官馬化騰在於深圳舉行的IT領袖峰會上談到：「過去我們都認為人工智能是提高計算和處理能力的唯一方式，然而實際上，人工智能可以通過數據利用來實現自我學習和創建規則。」
In March 2016, Google's artificial intelligence program AlphaGo scored a 4-1 victory over South Korean Go master Lee Se-dol in a five-round showdown. The machine's victory was noted by AI enthusiasts around the world.
2016年3月，谷歌的人工智能程序阿爾法狗在五輪對決中以4:1的比分戰胜韓國棋王李世石。阿爾法狗的勝利也讓世界各地人工智能領域的愛好者對其備受關注。
Tencent developed its own AI program Jueyi, which has scored several victories in matches around the world.
騰訊也開發了自己的人工智能程序——「絕藝」，並且在世界各大圍棋比賽中也多次取得勝利。
"If we develop a simulator, define its parameters, let it fully explore, study and make mistakes, programs will make out how things work, far exceeding our imagination," Ma said.
馬化騰表示：「如果我們也開發類似模擬程序，定義其參數，令其充分探索、學習哪怕是犯錯，這樣程序就會慢慢弄清楚工作原理，最後結果將會遠遠超過我們的想像。」
Internet giant Baidu set up a national deep learning technology lab in Beijing in March. The lab gathered AI experts from Baidu, Tsinghua University, Beihang University and the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.
而另一家互聯網巨頭百度公司則於3月份在北京創立了一家深度學習技術實驗室。這家實驗室集結了來自百度、清華大學、北京航空航天大學以及中國信息通信研究院在人工智能領域的專家和人才。
"The Internet is just an appetizer. The main course will be AI. In the future, machines will develop to a point where they can understand humans and their intentions," said Li Yanhong, the chairman of Baidu.
百度董事長李彥宏表示：「互聯網只是開胃菜，人工智能才是主菜。在未來，機器們將會發展到能夠了解人類和自身思想以及意圖的程度。」
Baidu has invested heavily in machine-aided study, image recognition, voice recognition and driverless vehicles.
目前，百度已經在計算機輔助研究、圖像識別、語音識別以及無人駕駛方面投以巨資。
"AI will be a magnanimous industry and will last for a very long time. I'm certain that the industry will develop fast in the next 20 to 50 years," Li said.
李彥宏表示：「人工智能這項產業將會前途無量，並且這種勢頭會持續很長時間。我相信，未來二十到五十年內，我們將會見證它的迅猛發展。」
"Machines can do what people can't. We must make machines our best partner, rather than letting them replace us," said Jack Ma, founder of Internet commerce giant Alibaba.
電商巨頭阿里巴巴的老總馬雲說道：「機器可以做到人做不到的事情，我們必須要把機器看做我們最好的伙伴，而不是成天想著讓它們代替我們。」
"We shall not be worried about how much the Internet is impacting traditional business. Rather, we have to use Internet and AI to our advantage."
「我們不必太擔心互聯網影響傳統商業到什麼程度，相反，我們應該利用互聯網和人工智能的優勢，從而創造利益。」
 

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The day that the Queen dies will see a nation in mourning. But the plan for what will happen afterwards has already been meticulously laid out.
In fact, there is a code word that will be used to deliver the sad and tragic news to the upper echelons of the Government that will signify her passing and the starting of what happens next – 'London Bridge is down.'

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TOEIC test - Free practice
 

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C
cable and wireless 電纜 無線的
capital (working capital) 資金
capital account 固定資產帳戶
capital assets資本資產
capital budget 資本預算
capital goods 資本財
capital investment 資本投資
cash flow 資金流量
cash down 以現金付款
 cash box 金庫
cash dividends 現金股利
cashier  出納員
central government  中央政府
centralization 中央集權
Certificate of Incorporation 公司執照
chains of retailers 連鎖零售商
Chancellor of Exchange 財政部長
channel of communication 溝通管道
channel of distribution 配銷管道
charities 慈善
collateral security  附屬擔保品
collective bargaining 勞資雙方所作之協商
comet 彗星
color wash 水洗
concur  意見一致
condemn  責'難
conduce 促成 (conducive to 有助於)
command economy 控制經濟
commission佣金 手續費
common market 共同市場
competitive market 具競爭性的市場
computer aided design 電腦輔助設計
conciliation 和解 撫慰
conditions  條件
conference 會議
congestion 擁塞
conglomerate merger 集團企業合併
consumer co-operative消費者合作社
consumer goods 消費財
container 貨櫃
contested takeover 競賽似接收
contract 契約
contribution 貢獻
costs 成本
direct cost 直接成本
indirect cost 間接成本
overhead cost間接成本
variable costs 變動成本
counterman 止付 取消
countersign 簽署
credit  信用
letter of credit 信用狀
currencies 貨幣
current account deficit 活期存款不足
current assets 流動資產
current liabilities流動負債
curriculum vitae 課程表
Customs 海關 關稅 (custom house)
customs broker  報關行
customs duty 海關關稅
customs entry 報關
customs tariff 海關稅率
D
database 資料庫
debtors 負債者
debts 債務
decentralization 地方分權
declining market 衰退市場
deductions 扣除
Deed of Partnership 合夥契據 合約
 a written deed 文件的契據
delay 耽誤
Delegation  代表 授權 託付
demand  要求
demography 人口學
demotivation 降低動機
department 部門
design 設計
devolve 移交 (職權)
discounting  打折
disabled workers 殘障工人
discrimination 歧視
dismissal 解散 免職 解僱
distribution 分配、傳遞
distributors 供應商
diversification 多樣化
dividends 股利
division of labor 勞工部門
divorce of ownership 拆夥
draft 匯票
dumping 傾銷
E
economic growth 經濟成長
economy 經濟
efficiency 效率
electronic mail  電子郵件
employee 雇員
employers 雇主
employment 就業
empowerment 授權
enterprise zones 企業區
entrepreneur 企業
environment 環境
equal opportunities 機會均等
ethics 倫理
European Union 歐洲聯盟
Eurobond 歐元
European Monetary Union 歐洲貨幣聯盟
exchange rates 交換匯率
experiments 實驗
exports 出口
extension strategies 擴張策略
external communication 外在溝通
F
factors 因素
fax 傳真
feedback 回饋
field research 實地調查
finance 財務
financial investment 財務投資
financing 融資
fiscal policy 財政政策
fixed assets 固定資產
floating share 浮動股金
flow production 流動生產
forecasting 預測
foreign currency 外國貨幣
formal channel 正式管道
franchise 經銷權
franchisee 特許經營人
free market economy 自由市場經濟
fringe benefits 福利
full-costing pricing完全成本定價法
function 功能
functional 有功能的
G
gap in the market 市場差異
gearing ratio 槓桿比率
gender 性別
goods 貨物
goodwill 善意
government regulations 政府條例
government spending 政府支出
grant maintained school中央政府直接支助的學校
grants 同意
gross earnings 總收益
gross pay / profit 薪資費用 / 收益
gross profit margin銷貨毛利率
H
Health and Safety Inspectorate 健康安全檢查署
hierarchy 等級制度
horizontal communication 平行溝通
household 家庭
human relations 人際關係
human resources人力資源
I
impulse buyers 衝動型買主
incentives 誘因
income tax 所得稅
increment 增加
independent 依賴性
induction 誘導
industrial action 罷工、怠工
inflation  膨脹
informal  非正式
information technology 資訊科技
infrastructure 基礎建設
insolvent 無力償還者
instruction manuals 教學手冊
intangible 摸不到的
integration 整合
interdependence 相互依賴
interest  利息、 利益
internal organization  內部組織
insurance fit 保險工具
interview 訪視、訪問、面試
investment 投資
invoices 發票
job application form 工作申請表
job description 工作內容
enlargement 擴大
enrichment 豐富
production 生產
satisfaction 工作滿意度
joint consultative committee聯合諮詢委員會
joint venture 合資
just-in-time production 及時生產系統
L
labor  勞工
laissez-faire leader 放任式領導
launch  開始
layout by process程序佈置
lean production 精實生產
lease 租賃
liabilities 負債
life cycle 生命週期
limited companies 有限公司
limited liability 有限負債
line manager生產線經理
liquid assets  流動資產
liquidation 清償(債務)
loans 貸款
local authorities 地方政府
location 地點
long term 長期
loss  損失
M
mail order 郵購
Mangers 經理
managing directors 主任
manuals 手冊
manufacturing industry製造業
margin of safety 安全邊際
mark-up 彌補
market force 市場力量
maturity 成熟
orientated 取向
price 價位
segments 區段、一部分
mass market 大眾市場
mass production  大量生產
maturity stage  成熟階段
media advertisement 媒體廣告
memo 備忘錄
Memorandum of Association 公司章程
merchant bank 商業銀行
merchantable quality 產品品質
mergers 合併
methods 方法
minute (v)渺小
modem 現代的
monetary 貨幣的
monopoly 獨佔的
mortgages 抵押
motivation 動機
multiple 多重的
multinationals  跨多國公司
N
non-sales revenues 非銷售收入
non-verbal  非語言
notice通知
O
objectives 目標
observation 觀察
occupation  職業
occupational pension 勞工退休金
on the job training 在職訓練
off the job training職外訓練
open letter 公開信
market 公開市場
ordinary shares 普通股
organization組織
Oriental  東方
outgoing 外向
overdraft (limit) 透支
overhead 間接
overstocking 庫存
overtime 逾時
P
packaging 包裹
parent company  母公司
partnership 合夥關係
payment 付款
penetration pricing 滲透定價
peninsular 半島
pension funds 退休基金
pensions 退休金
planned purchases 計劃性購買
planning permission規劃許可
point-of-sale material 銷售點物料
pollution 污染
population 人口
postal survey郵遞式調查
preference shares優先股
premium price收益增加
pressure groups壓力團體
price 價格
pricing 定價
primary data原始資料(
private 私人
private limited co.私人有限公司
product differentiation  產品差異性
product range 產品範圍
profit and loss account 損益表
promotion 促銷
prototype 原型
public corporation公營企業
public relation 公共關係
public sector 公營
purchase 購買
pyramid  金字塔
Q
quality control 品管
questionnaires問卷
quota 配額 (random sample) 隨機取樣
R
rail transport 鐵路運輸
rate 率
ratio 比率
raw materials 原料
recession 經濟蕭條
receipts 收據
receiver 收件者
record 紀錄
recruitment  招生
redundancy 多餘
reference  參考 推薦信
register 註冊
rent 租
reserve 保留
respondents 回信者
responsibility 責任
retail cooperation 零售合作
retailing 零售
retained profit 保留盈餘
retirement 退休
retraining 重新訓練
revenue 盈收
risk 風險
robot 機器人
role 角色
roll-on roll-off ferries 滾裝渡船
royalty 忠實
S
safety needs /standards  安全標準
salaries   薪水
sale and lease back profit 售後租回利潤
sales objectives  銷售目標
promotion 安全性 促銷
revenue or turnover 收入 或 周轉
saturated market 飽和市場
security  安全性
secondary data 次級資料
selection 選擇
self employment自雇
self-esteem 自尊
seller 售貨員
senior shop steward 高級工會代表
service 服務
sexual harassment 性騷擾
sex discrimination 性別歧視
share placement 配股
shareholders 股東
shift 變換
social benefits 社會好處
sole trader 自營商
span of control控制幅度
special offer 特別待遇
specialization 專長
specifications 規格
staff development 員工發展
stagecoach 公共馬車
standard 標準
stock exchange 股市交換
stocks 股市
strike 罷工
subordinates 部署
subsidy 津貼
supervision 指導 督導
supplier 供應商
surveys 調查
survival 存活 生存
T
takeover 接收
tangible assets 有形資產
tariffs關稅
tax 稅
team work 團隊工作
technology 科技
tertiary industry第三產業
testing測試
themed catering units 主題式
tolls 通行費 death tolls 傷亡人數
trade credit 商業信用
trading account交易帳戶
directorate 董事會
turnover 周轉
U
uncertainty  不確定性
unemployment 失業
unfair dismissed  不公平停職
unit trusts 單位信託
unlimited liability 無線負債
up-market 新興市場
urban development 都市發展
V
variable costs 變動成本
vending machines 販賣機
venture capital 創業投資
verbal communication 口語溝通
visible 可見的
visual communication 視覺溝通
volume of sales 銷售量
voluntary chains自願加盟連鎖店
W
wages 薪資(計日或計時)
warehouse 倉庫
wealth creation 財富創造
white collar workers  白領
wholesalers 大批發
world trade  世界貿易
Y
yellow pages 電話簿

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【文／羅伊伶 Janet Lo】
今年三月，川普總統再度針對穆斯林國家設定一項新禁令，禁止中東及北非等八國欲入境美國之旅客，攜帶比智慧型手機大的任何電子產品登機。原本就戒備森嚴的美國海關，再加上此政策，更是造成旅客諸多麻煩。
所幸，台灣並未受此禁令限制，但在旅行之前，還是得先搞清楚各家航空的行李及登機規定，尤其是選擇搭乘廉航的旅客們，更需特別留意航空公司的服務規定，才不會在登機前讓自己荷包大失血！此外，搭機出國情境是多益測驗的常考題型，學會以下重點單字也能讓你應答時更上手喔！

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